Generalized Lorenz models and their routes to chaos. III. Energy-conserving horizontal and vertical mode truncations

To construct generalized Lorenz systems, higher-order modes in doubled Fourier expansions of a stream function and temperature variations must be considered. Selection of these modes is guided by the requirements that they conserve energy in the dissipationless limit and lead to systems that have bounded solutions. The previous study showed how to select the modes by using either vertical or horizontal mode truncations. In this paper, the most general method of horizontal and vertical mode truncations is presented and it is shown that the lowest-order generalized Lorenz system derived by this method is an eight dimensional system. An interesting result is that a route to chaos in this system is different than that observed in the original Lorenz model. Possible physical consequences of this result are discussed. 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.